Background: The present study aimed to demonstrate the seasonal activities of Ixodes ricinus at the pasture level and on the host. Methods: A vast pasture in Amol countryside (Mazandaran Province. Iran) which had the potential for a considera- ble number of cattle and sheep to graze was chosen. Tick sampling from the skin of 130 cattle and 130 sheep were collected every month interval. https://yeswellneses.shop/product-category/childerns-oral-care/